Conveners
Wednesday: Fundamental physics: Discrete symmetries
- Bernd Krusche ()
- Beatrix Hiesmayr (University of Vienna)
Wednesday: Bio- and medical physics
- Vincenzo Patera (Universita' di Rome "Sapienza" e INFN)
- Antoni Ruciński (Instytut Fizyki Jądrowej PAN)
At CERN, we have recently become able to study atoms of antihydrogen - the antimatter equivalent of hydrogen. The question to be addressed is fundamental and profound: “Do matter and antimatter obey the same laws of physics?”. The Standard Model requires that hydrogen and antihydrogen have the same spectrum. I will discuss the latest developments in antihydrogen physics: observation of the...
Electric Dipole Moment (EDM) searches of charged particles in storage rings is a novel approach to look for additional microscopic time-reversal (T), parity (P) and charge-parity (CP) violation, the latter being required to help explaining the apparent matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe.
Up to now EDM experiments mainly focused on neutral particles. The idea to exploit charged...
Deformed relativistic kinematics, expected to emerge in a flat-spacetime limit of quantum gravity, predicts the Planck-scale violation of CPT symmetry. Deformations of the action of CPT are derived from the kappa-deformed Poincare algebra. This entails a subtle but measurable corrections to characteristics of time evolution, e.g. particle lifetimes or oscillations in two-particle states at...
Why the universe consists of matters only, instead of consisting of equal number of matters and antimatter, is one of the fundamental questions about the universe. One of the conditions required for the matter-dominated universe is the violation of Charge-Parity (CP) symmetry. If CP violation occurs in neutrinos, the oscillation probabilities of neutrinos and antineutrinos will be different....
The Jagiellonian Positron Emission Tomograph (J-PET) was constructed as the first PET scanner using plastic scintillators. However, it also constitutes a robust photon detector useful for a broad range of experiments involving orto-positronium (o-Ps) decays into three photons.
We will present an overview of studies performed with o-Ps→3γ decays in J-PET with a view to searching for signals of...
We will review the status of the Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB e+e- collider and present some recent results.
Design of a Novel Compact Detector based on the BGO and SiPM for Ortho-Positronium Physics
HyeoungWoo Park$^1$, D.W. Jung$^1$, Sanghoon Hwang$^2$, H.J. Kim$^1$*
$^1$Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea
$^2$Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeong, Republic of Korea
Positronium decay research is one of the sensitive...
Time reversal symmetry (T ) violation has been one of the most intriguing aspects of the tests on discrete symmetries. So far, T-violation has not been observed in purely leptonic systems [1, 2, 3]. According to the standard model predictions, photon-photon interaction or weak interaction can mimic the symmetry violation at the level of 10^{−9} (photon-photon interaction) and 10^{−13} (weak...
The CKM angle $\gamma$ is the least well known of the angles of the unitarity triangle and the only one that is accessible with tree-level decays in a theoretically clean way. The key method to measure $\gamma$ is through the interference between $B^+\to D^0 K^+$ and $B^+ \to \bar D^0 K^+$ decays which occurs if the final state of the charm-meson decay is accessible to both the $D^0$ and $\bar...
This talk tells the story of how we are applying polarised radionuclei not only in nuclear physics and fundamental-interaction studies, but now also in chemistry and biology, and soon also in medicine. The common point of these versatile studies is the fact that beta or gamma decay from polarized radioactive nuclei is anisotropic in space.
Our experimental setup devoted to laser polarization...
Spheroids are multicellular and tissue –like structured in vitro 3D models which mimic microenvironment in vivo. Unlike common 2D in vitro cell models, spheroids reflect the cellular milieu and the pathophysiological conditions inside tumor nodules. Recently they are widely used in drug testing and radiation studies. Results obtained from 3D cell spheroids can be better translated to in vivo...
The Monte Carlo (MC) codes are extensively used to support proton therapy clinical practice due to high accuracy of dose calculations in heterogeneous media. The MC platforms offer different methods to model radiobiological effectiveness (RBE) and to calculate biological dose (constant RBE, biophysical and phenomenological models). Such functionality allows to quantify the influence of the...
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common women malignancies. Nowadays mammography and ultrasound examinations are basic methods used in screening programs. Mammography provides early microcalcification recognition, crucial for further cancer diagnosis.
High progress in the development of new mammography devices e.g. new flat panel detectors, compression paddles, spectral modes (CESM –...
The use of neutron capture reactions in the cancer therapy was proposed already in 1936, four years after the discovery of neutron. Up to now this kind of cancer treatment is widely used for tumors with a poor response to traditional therapies (surgery, γ radiotherapy or chemotherapy). The use of 10B selectively absorbed by the cancer cells provide high dose delivery to the malignancy with a...
Neutron capture enhanced particle therapy (NCEPT) is a radical new paradigm in radiotherapy being developed by an international team led by researchers at the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO).
NCEPT combines the precision of particle therapy with the cancer-specific targeting capability of neutron capture therapy (NCT). NCEPT captures internally generated slow...
Recently an increase of protontherapy effectiveness for irradiations occurring in the presence of 11B atoms has been observed. A role in this effect should be played by the high-LET alpha particles mainly generated by the p(11B,a)2a channel, which has a cross section of the order of 1 barn at very low incident proton energy. However, analytical calculations indicate that the number of alphas...
Differences between radiotherapy (RT), radio-diagnostics (RD) and radiation protection (RP) will be discussed with respect to their general aims, doses, dose-rates and volumes involved, and their dominant biological mechanisms. In RT the objective is to deliver a curative dose as high as reasonably achievable to a rather small target volume, in order to completely inactivate the metastasized...
