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SUMMARY:Invited talk: Compartmental models – a useful tool for medical t
 herapy and diagnosis
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20220714T122500Z
DTEND;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20220714T124500Z
DTSTAMP;VALUE=DATE-TIME:20260812T032107Z
UID:indico-contribution-704@indico.koza.if.uj.edu.pl
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Aleksandra Jung\; AGH University of Science and Tech
 nology\, Poland ()\nAmong many computational methods\, compartmental model
 s are still attractive for many applications in medicine\, both in the fie
 lds of therapy and diagnosis. Below relevant examples are presented\, they
  are based on literature and own research results.\n\nKinetics models base
 d on differential equations are common for dose estimation in extracorpore
 al therapies. Hemodialysis adequacy considers methods based on experimenta
 l data providing to different measures like Kt/V or equivalent renal funct
 ion. This can be improved by adding additional dialysis adequacy indices t
 ested by numerical simulations. Mathematical models may accurately reprodu
 ce the clinical data of adequacy markers like urea or creatinine. In extra
 corporeal liver support therapies (ELS) considerable efforts focus on dose
  parameter estimation\, correct identification of compartment volumes and 
 transfer coefficients parameters. A limited amount of clinical data in thi
 s case can be resolved by combined models of kinetics of the two substance
 s: bilirubin and urea. Building new models for ELS may also be partially s
 upported by the use of physiological models of bile acid kinetics previous
 ly described in the literature.\n\nThe outcome of the model depends on its
  structure\, parameters and initial conditions. Therefore\, it is necessar
 y to investigate the sensitivity of applied parameters\, especially when t
 he number of observation points is limited as it facilitates to decide the
  sampling rate in clinical practice. The accuracy of the parameter estimat
 ion may be improved if the sampling time is selected individually for each
  patient near the peak values of the sensitivity. This is beneficial both 
 for the individualization of therapy assessment for a single patient and f
 or the preparation of a new complete clinical trial protocol.\n\nCompartme
 nt models describing the kinetics of radiolabeled substances are successfu
 lly used to support PET and SPECT imaging diagnostics where radiopharmaceu
 ticals are used routinely. The results of the mathematical model allow\, i
 n this case\, to obtain additional detailed diagnostic information. Models
  are also useful for comparing the diagnostic value of PET and SPECT tests
 \, for distinguishing malignant neoplasms from inflammations or other beni
 gn changes\, for assessing the diagnostic value of new radiopharmaceutical
 s or for assessing the impact of disturbances on the results of estimated 
 physiological parameters. Additionally\, they are applied to evaluate the 
 results of magnetic resonance imaging or to differentiate the severity of 
 Helicobacter pylori infection based on the result of a C-14 labeled urea b
 reath test.\n\nLast but not least\, a clinically important area of applica
 tion of this type of models is the assessment of radiological exposure dur
 ing radiopharmaceutical exams\, but also in the assessment of the accumula
 tion of selected elements in our body\, e.g. lead.\n\nIn each of the above
 -mentioned applications\, the key is to define the initial assumptions and
  to properly adjust the complexity of the model to the amount of available
  experimental data and then to verify the model. Despite their limitations
  compartmental models can be used to identify meaningful physiological par
 ameters helpful in making the correct diagnosis or selecting the appropria
 te therapeutic dose.\n\nhttps://indico.koza.if.uj.edu.pl/event/7/contribut
 ions/704/
LOCATION:Collegium Novodvorscianum
URL:https://indico.koza.if.uj.edu.pl/event/7/contributions/704/
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